Suggested Fiqh regarding Transgender Muslims101 min read

What guidance does the Sharia provide for those with transgender feelings, from transitioning to marriage and more

Classifying the transgendered between men and women presents its challenges to society and Islamic researchers.

The Transformation from Transgender to Transsexual

There are many levels of change or transformation that transwomen may choose to undergo. One, I’ll call simple or basic which is using make-up, growing long hair, etc. The second would be hormone therapy, and the third being surgical. We could finally add official or public change, like reprinting one’s birth certificate and passport to reflect their new identity.

Simple transitioning

When a male-to-female transgender acts like a “typical guy” they may feel they’re living a lie and putting on a show that betrays their true self. They may fool others and themselves for a time, but eventually it will catch up to them. No doubt that can be very stressful. They feel much more comfortable and natural behaving like a woman, and presenting themselves as women. It doesn’t feel like an act to them, but natural. So to fit in with social ideals of women and be “treated like a lady” this will typically include growing long hair and using make-up, as well as using female facilities whenever feasible. Because many of them excel at feminizing themselves, working at women’s beauty salons is a common source of income, in addition to modeling, and unfortunately, prostitution with heterosexual male clients.

Some of them may present themselves with feminine make-up and garb full time, while others do so part-time, depending on the venue. Those who do so part-time often refer to themselves as cross-dressers, formerly, transvestites. Some cisgender men, gay or straight, also cross-dress for a variety of motives revolving around personal amusement, perhaps in private as a sexual fetish, or when playing games with friends, or for entertaining as an art form or costume. But for the transgendered, social fears and personal conflict may stop them from ever leaving home with any obvious female attire. It is estimated that the vast majority of the transgendered are in this stage. Only when their desire to live “as they naturally feel socially” overwhelms their fear of social repercussions do they progress beyond this level of transitioning.

Complex stage two transitioning

As for the hormone therapy transsexuals undergo, it is not to increase their inward femininity, but aimed solely at their outward display.[1]Hormone therapy was first prescribed in 1948 by Harry Benjamin in California. Certain drugs will further lower their testosterone output in the bloodstream and then others will promote feminine traits. Ultimately, they will have a lower sex drive, far less body hair, with fuller hair on their scalp, feminine fat redistribution, and a more feminine voice. Electrolysis may also be used for permanent hair removal of distinctly male hair, like the beard, upper legs, etc. Hormone therapy cannot change the skeletal system once it has reached maturity. If an individual has a square jaw or broad shoulders, those attributes will remain regardless. If a child begins hormone therapy from a young age—which is very rare since it usually rests on parental permission that is often withheld until older—then even the child’s bone development will follow a female pattern. Basically, apart from their male sexual reproductive system, their maleness will be completely obscured.

Anatomical stage-three transitioning

As for surgical procedures, they may include breast implants, plastic facial surgery, shaving of the voice box, and of course vaginoplasty, aka sexual-reassignment surgery, sometimes abbreviated as SRS.[2]One individual said that their prize for winning a beauty contest was a free surgery and they chose breast implants. For centuries, indeed, millennia, the removal of sex organs had been the first version of SRS. But the first instance of what could be called male-to-female surgery happened in 1920 at Magnus Hirschfeld’s Institute for Sexology. The first modern SRS operations, called penile inversion, were performed in the early 1950’s. After procedural innovation in the late 50’s, the prominent technique for the procedure has changed little since, only gaining minor adjustments.

Unlike any other seemingly cosmetic surgery, interested candidates are usually required to undergo psychological testing to rule out other causes for their feelings, and any clinginess they may have to their male anatomy. They are also required to live a calendar year publicly and socially as their internal gender. This means dressing and presenting herself as a woman in every possible way.[3]As for the nitty gritty details of this, like, are they allowed to have sex with their penis at all, even with a legal spouse, I don’t know, but it would seem not. I have heard that transgendered … Continue reading

Despite what one may first imagine, it does not involve chopping off the male anatomy and tossing it in a medical waste canister. All parts of the penis and scrotum, except the testes are put to use in creating the new “vagina” in a process which may attempt to mimic how such an organ is constructed in the mother’s womb.[4]What’s interesting, as an inside joke, is that this procedure is so effective, that medical textbooks with pictures of the female anatomy often show pictures of transwomen vaginas, unbeknownst to … Continue reading “She” can then, after full recovery, even experience separate clitoral and vaginal orgasms, but some clients do not always experience both. The vaginal canal is deemed slightly narrower and shallower than a cisgender woman’s, but in all other respects—sight, smell, moisture and even taste are identical, except texture of the labia will differ since it is now made from the scrotum.[5]Iran is the first country to encourage the operation and sponsor the procedure from beginning to end for its transgender citizens. Thailand is the most well-known for those in more economically … Continue reading

Note that transplanting a uterus is not part of this procedure, nor the rest of the female reproductive system of cervix, fallopian tubes, egg sack, etc. Uterine transplanting is still very new, and is only done at the moment an individual is ready to carry a fertilized egg, since leaving it in without carrying is still extremely dangerous.

Nearly all transsexuals report a significant boost of happiness and lifting of anxiety with the completion of SRS. After that, they may differ. Dr. Bushong observed, “[An] individual’s sense of happiness and success is directly parallel with the degree they have dismantled their male identity, not on their age, physical size, hormones, surgery, etc.” This may first sound contradictory, how can they claim to have a female identity but yet strive to remove their male identity? The TS response would be that their female identity is how their brain has been wired, while the male identity is what they’ve been socially and psychologically conditioned to carry and use as a cover-up and think of as their true self while their hearts deny it. That’s quite a conundrum, and a recipe for mental illness, when you’re brainwashed and told you’re something you absolutely believe to be false, especially if you’re the only one to experience it. For example, if someone saw a ghost and was repeatedly told they’re a liar and saw nothing. This is why it is so important to acknowledge their feelings, and then move from there.

One problem in clinical recommendation for the SRS procedure, which may be tied to a Sharia ruling, is that such recommendation is often based on the candidate’s likelihood of being physically attractive to men after the operation, and her ability to carry on a hyper-feminized role to make up for any subconscious judgment of her masculine origins.

Public and official “stage-four” transitioning

Once transwomen have undergone their surgery, in many countries they may have their birth certificates reprinted to reflect the gender they have converted to. Some countries, like the Philippines, deny that ability. And yet other countries may allow that change without undergoing the surgery.

Next page: the causes of transgenderism, why that’s important, and what the Quran and Sunnah may say regarding those causes

References

References
1 Hormone therapy was first prescribed in 1948 by Harry Benjamin in California.
2 One individual said that their prize for winning a beauty contest was a free surgery and they chose breast implants.
3 As for the nitty gritty details of this, like, are they allowed to have sex with their penis at all, even with a legal spouse, I don’t know, but it would seem not. I have heard that transgendered do not pass the psychological examination if they enjoy penetrating others.
4 What’s interesting, as an inside joke, is that this procedure is so effective, that medical textbooks with pictures of the female anatomy often show pictures of transwomen vaginas, unbeknownst to the medical student reader!
5 Iran is the first country to encourage the operation and sponsor the procedure from beginning to end for its transgender citizens. Thailand is the most well-known for those in more economically straightened circumstances to have the operation done. On another note, the SRS surgery for transmen is far costlier than the procedure for transwomen, which is why it is rarer to hear about complete female-to-male transformation.
About Chris
Chris, aka AbdulHaqq, is from central Illinois and accepted Islam in 2001 at age 17. He studied Arabic and Islamic theology in Saudi Arabia from 2007-13 and earned a master's in Islamic Law from Malaysia. He is married with children and serves as an Imam in Pittsburgh, PA.
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